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The National Blue Ribbon Schools Program is a United States government program created in 1982 to honor schools which have achieved high levels of performance or made significant improvements in closing the achievement gap in schools where at least 40% of the student population is classified as disadvantaged. Over 7,000 schools had been honored as Blue Ribbon Schools through 2013.〔()〕 ==History== In 1981, then-Secretary of Education Terrell H. Bell commissioned a study of American education. The report, issued two years later as ''A Nation at Risk'',〔()〕 described a “rising tide” of mediocre schools that threatened the nation’s future. Secretary Bell created the National Blue Ribbon Schools Award to bring exemplary U.S. schools to public attention and to recognize those schools whose students thrived and excelled. Working with the National Association of Elementary School Principals and the National Association of Secondary School Principals, Bell launched the National Blue Ribbon Schools and the National Distinguished Principals Programs. Both programs highlighted outstanding models of American schools and school leadership. Initially, the Blue Ribbon Schools program honored only secondary schools, and was later expanded to include primary schools. It was changed again to honor secondary schools and primary schools in alternate years and now honors secondary, middle, and primary schools each year. In 2003, the program was restructured to bring it in line with the No Child Left Behind Law, placing a stronger emphasis on state assessment data and requiring schools to demonstrate high academic success. Schools must show how data are interpreted and used and how curriculum, instruction, professional development and student support promote student success. In 2012 it was renamed the National Blue Ribbon Schools program to distinguish it from a for-profit company which had appropriated the Blue Ribbon School name. During its first 25 years of existence, the Blue Ribbon Schools Award was granted approximately 5,600 times, recognizing 5,200 different schools. (Some schools have been selected two or more times.)〔(Blue Ribbon Schools 1982–2002 ) lists about 4,561 separate awards to approximately 4,175 schools. (Blue Ribbon Schools 2003–2006 ) lists 1,040 award recipients. The number of multiple award recipients who had been recognized from 2003–2006, who had also been recognized previously, has not been determined.〕 More than 133,000 public, charter, private and parochial schools serving grades K-12 are eligible for the award.〔(K-12 Facts ), Center for Education Reform, accessed May 7, 2007, lists 133,362 K-12 schools nationwide: 94,112 public schools, approximately 3,600 charter schools, 27,223 private schools and 8,102 Catholic schools.〕 Over 7,000 schools had been honored as Blue Ribbon Schools through 2013.〔 Three schools have won five times: * Whitney High School in Cerritos, California (86–87, 90–91, 97–98, 08–09, 14–15) * Crocker Middle School in Hillsborough, California (82–83, 88–89, 94–96, 04–05, 10–11) * Catholic High School in Baton Rouge, Louisiana (88–89, 92–93, 97–98, 03–04, 13–14) Eight schools are four-time winners: * Lowell High School (San Francisco) in San Francisco, California (81–82, 93–94, 00–01, 11–12) * Spartanburg High School in Spartanburg, South Carolina (82–83, 88–89, 92–93, 97–98) * Stevenson High School in Lincolnshire, Illinois (86–87, 90–91, 97–98, 01–02) * Carmel Catholic High School in Mundelein, Illinois (84–85, 94–96, 01–02, 07–08) * Holy Names Academy in Seattle, Washington (84–85, 90–91, 94–96, 01–02) * Edison Computech Middle School (90–91, 94–96, 01–02, 08–09) * Trinity School at Greenlawn in South Bend, Indiana (88–89, 92–93, 02–03, 12–13)〔http://www2.ed.gov/programs/nclbbrs/2013/national.pdf〕 * Ft Couch Middle School in Upper St. Clair School District (86-87, 92-93, 01-02, 12-13) States, territories, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the Department of Defense Education Activity schools have joined the competition over the years. Special emphases have changed from year to year based on national priorities. School-wise, there is much diversity-both public and private schools have won the award, and specific education programs, such as Montessori education, have received the award as well. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Blue Ribbon Schools Program」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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